Genetic and Immunological Determinants of Atopic Dermatitis: A Systematic Review
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Purpose: The present work aimed to study the role of genetic and immunological factors in the development of atopic dermatitis (AD). Material and Methods: A thorough systematic search of relevant information on AD presented in the PubMed, ResearchGate, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases for 2010-2023 was carried out. The total number of studies included was 50, with a primary focus on genetic association studies, epigenetic studies, and microbiome studies. Results: The etiopathogenetic mechanisms of the pathogenesis remain under active investigation. It has been determined that the primary factors in the occurrence of AD pathology are the interaction between genetic abnormalities and environmental factors, including climatic factors (temperature, humidity), geographic location (urban vs. rural), air pollution (e.g., particulate matter, ozone), dietary influences (e.g., fat intake, allergens), and exposure to microbes (e.g., pets, infections). An imbalance of the normal intestinal microbiota is a significant predisposing factor. The pathogenetic basis of the disease is an inflammatory process with activation of the T-cell immune response and dysfunction of the genes encoding filaggrin, transglutaminase, and keratin. These disorders lead to increased permeability of the skin barrier and unhindered penetration of allergens. AD is a heterogeneous, multifaceted condition characterised by various endotypes, phenotypes, and clinical subtypes. It frequently commences in early childhood, during the maturation of the immune system and skin barrier. Typical symptoms encompass xerosis, erythema, and pruritus, with affected children exhibiting increased sensitivity to benign irritants, indicative of early immunological dysregulation. Conclusion: AD substantially lowers quality of life and presents mental health risks, especially in young patients. The early onset underscores the necessity for swift action to facilitate immunological development and protect child health.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.011 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.006 | 0.005 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.009 | 0.013 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".