Mitochondrial pull-outs are a distinct type of dynamic tubulation events regulated by mitochondrial activity
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Mitochondrial networks undergo continuous remodeling through fusion and fission, processes that are essential for maintaining energy production and cellular homeostasis. Rapid elongation of the tip of mitochondrial tubules, a process termed dynamic tubulation, also participates in mitochondrial network formation. However, these mechanisms alone cannot fully account for the formation of highly interconnected mitochondrial networks that are required for rapid distribution of mitochondria material. Here, we identify a distinct type of dynamic tubulation, mitochondrial pull-outs characterized by the lateral extrusion from pre-existing mitochondrial tubules, as metabolically regulated determinants of mitochondrial network formation. Pull-outs are distinct from the tip elongation form of dynamic tubulation as they are modulated by the mitochondrial dynamins MFN1 and DRP1 and are stimulated by conditions favoring oxidative phosphorylation. Pull-outs also depend on mitochondrial actin polymerization and are required to increase mitochondrial connectivity and respiratory activity. Together, these findings establish mitochondrial pull-out as a metabolically sensitive mechanism that promotes mitochondrial network connectivity and links organelle architecture to cellular energy demands.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".