Screening for Malnutrition, Sarcopenia, and Physical Frailty Beyond One Year after Liver Transplantation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background/Aims: Malnutrition, sarcopenia, and frailty negatively impact quality of life and increase mortality following liver transplantation (LT). However, long-term follow-up data remain limited. This study aimed primarily to assess the malnutrition risk at 1-, 2-, and 3-years post-LT. Secondary objectives included evaluating the sarcopenia and frailty risk, muscle function, physical activity, quality of life, and employment status at the same time points. Methods: This cross-sectional study included LT recipients with a history of cirrhosis, transplanted between January 2019 and December 2021. Each participant completed a single virtual meeting during which nutritional risk, sarcopenia, frailty risk, muscle function, physical activity, quality of life, employment status, and dietary intakes were assessed. Results: < 0.001, respectively). Only 28.0%, 42.9%, and 25.9% of participants in cohorts A, B, and C, respectively, returned to work. Conclusion: Up to 3 years after LT, patients were still at risk of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and frailty. The results of this study highlight the need for targeted interventions to improve outcomes and support long-term quality of life post-LT.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".