Quantification of cerebrospinal fluid α-synuclein seeds by endpoint dilution seed amplification assay in Parkinson’s disease
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Quantitative pathology-specific biomarkers are needed for patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). We estimated the α-syn seeding dose giving 50% of positive seed amplification assay (SAA) reactions (SD50) in serially diluted samples from 260 PD participants, of whom 54 had longitudinal samples. We then evaluated the associations between SD50 values and demographic and clinical parameters, including motor and cognitive scales, REM sleep behaviour disorder (RBD), and hyposmia. Higher SD50 values were significantly associated with older age, longer disease duration, worse motor and cognitive scores, and presence of RBD and visual hallucinations. Baseline SD50 values predicted the development of motor wearing-off and severe cognitive impairment. In participants with longitudinal samples, SD50 values remained substantially stable over time. Quantification of α-syn through endpoint dilution SAA may serve as a potential surrogate marker of LB pathological burden, which may support prognostication and patient stratification.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".