Bibliographic record
Abstract
Dermatophytoses are common fungal infections of the skin and other keratinized structures such as hair and nails. These infections, caused by the dermatophyte fungi, affect approximately 25% of people worldwide. Dermatophyte fungi include species from three genera: Trichophyton, Epidermophyton, and Microsporum, and may be categorized as anthropophilic, zoophilic, or geophilic. Most cases of dermatophytosis in Canada are attributable to T. rubrum. Over the past decade, there have been an increasing number of reports of terbinafine‑resistant dermatophyte infections. Most of these cases are attributable to Trichophyton indotineae, a newly described pathogen. Initially described in South and South‑East Asia, T. indotineae has quickly become a worldwide health concern, with isolates detected in more than 40 countries. Epidemiological data reviews have revealed that T. indotineae had been circulating in Oman, Iran, India, and Australia as early as 2004, with an increasing number of cases occurring after 2014 due to an outbreak in India. Recent reports suggest that most new dermatophyte infections in India are attributable to this new pathogen. The development of terbinafine resistance has been attributed to overuse of topical medications containing fixed‑dosed combinations of corticosteroids and antifungal agents, which are widely available over-the-counter in parts of Asia and Africa. This highly virulent, treatment-resistant fungus may present with chronic, extensive disease and atypical presentations, resulting in significant difficulties for both diagnosis and treatment.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".