Microstructural Evaluation of Low and No-Ag, Bi-Containing Pb-Free Solders
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
ABSTRACT This paper describes the solidification characteristics of solder joints formed using three different Low (or no) Ag, Bi-contaioning Pb-free alloys. It considers the effects of Cu dissolution, undercooling and IMC formation on the bulk solder. The formation of interfacial IMCs is also evaluated with both Cu-Sn and Cu-Ni-Sn systems being considered. This work also investigates the impact of Bi on both the bulk solder and the interfacial IMC. Of the three solders being evaluated, two have a near-eutectic composition in a quaternary system, while a third has a composition along the eutectic valley of a ternary compound. The properties and microstructures of each are compared to SAC305. This study includes the evaluation of solder joints formed on QFPs, and therefore primarily made up of the alloy under study as well as solder joints formed using BGAs having a solder ball composition of SAC305; therefore the combined solder joint is made up of the alloy under study mixed with SAC305. This work considers the solidification which occurs in a typical assembly reflow process and is therefore representative of “as manufactured” product.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it