Cambrian linguliformean brachiopods of the Pika and Sullivan Formations (Miaolingian), southern Rocky Mountains, Alberta, Canada
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A low-diversity Miaolingian linguliformean brachiopod fauna is described from the middle Cambrian Pika and Sullivan formations in the southern Canadian Rocky Mountains. The sampled Pika Formation consists of lime mudstone, whereas the Sullivan Formation consists of coarse-grained, commonly oolitic grainstone interbedded with lime mudstone and siltstone of inner detrital belt lithological aspect in a storm-influenced, but distal shelf setting. Brachiopods are most common in the grainstone interbeds where they occur with disarticulated trilobite sclerites and eocrinoid ossicles. Most valves are broken to some degree due to transport and/or reworking. These coarse-grained beds were deposited in the deeper shelf environment by large-scale events such as a storms, and tsunami off-surge is considered a possibility given the regional tectonic setting. The fauna consists of obolids with only rare specimens of an indeterminate species belonging to the paterinid Micromitra Meek found in the Bolaspidella trilobite Biozone (Drumian Stage) of the Pika Formation. The assemblage from the Cedaria trilobite Biozone (Guzhangian Stage) of the Sullivan Formation includes the obolids Dicellomus politus Hall, D. cf. D. amblia Bell, D. appalachia Walcott, and D. nanus Meek and Hayden. No acrotretids were recovered. This low-diversity fauna probably reflects the deeper and more outboard depositional setting of the Sullivan Formation in comparison to other contemporaneous units elsewhere. Valves recovered from a more distal setting in the Sullivan Formation at Mount Murchison show a wider range of sizes by comparison to those from Windy Point, except for the ones belonging to D. politus perhaps indicating lower intensity of high-energy events.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".