Rapid scaffold-free cell sheet formation and their patterning as building blocks of complex 3D tissue constructs
Bibliographic record
Abstract
, magnetic or electrical fields), which can damage cells, compromise sheet integrity, or demand costly, non-adaptable equipment. Here, we present a rapid, self-assembly-based technique using unmodified polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) molds as culture vessels. When seeded at a critical cell density, adherent cells spontaneously self-assemble into planar 3D cell sheets within 6 hours, without substrate modification or specialized equipment. Our qRT-PCR analysis revealed significant upregulation of E-cadherin in cell sheets, confirming that cell-cell adhesion, rather than cell-substrate anchorage, drives sheet formation. We showed that our technique is versatile, supporting the creation of large-area and patterned sheets, stacked multi-layer constructs, and co-culture configurations. Notably, fibroblast cell sheets, demonstrated progressive ECM production, with histological analysis confirming collagen deposition over time. Overall, our approach preserves cell viability and function while offering a simple, rapid, and cost-effective alternative to conventional methods for fabricating cell sheets. This platform holds broad potential for applications in tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, disease modeling, and cultivated meat production.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".