Health behaviours among adolescents with depression
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Emerging evidence suggests that health behaviour interventions may play a role in depression care, though most studies have focused on individual health behaviours and their isolated effects on adults. The objective of this study is to examine the collective and individual role of health behaviours among adolescents with major depressive disorder (MDD). METHODS: Youth with MDD (n = 253; 75.9 % female; mean [SD] age 15.09 [1.79] years) were recruited through an outpatient psychiatry program in a large urban hospital. Health behaviour data (diet, physical activity, sleep and recreational screentime) were collected. Structural Equation Models examined inter-relationships of depression and health behaviours using continuous measures. RESULTS: Adherence to health behaviour recommendations was highest for sleep duration (36.4 %, n = 86), followed by fruit and vegetable intake (18.5 %, n = 39), physical activity (14.2 %, n = 36), and screen time (1.3 %, n = 3). Healthier behaviours collectively were associated with fewer depression symptoms (β = -0.509, p < .01). Individually, sleep duration and quality were negatively associated with depression symptoms (β = -0.445, p < .001; β = 0.580, p < .001). Increased sleep duration was associated with lower screen time (r = -0.268, p < .001) and greater fruit and vegetable intake (r = 0.239, p < .05) while greater screen time was associated with a lower fruit and vegetable intake (r = -0.211, p < .05). CONCLUSIONS: Adolescents with MDD exhibit unhealthy behaviours related to sleep, diet, physical activity, and screen time. Sleep showed the strongest association with depressive symptoms, both directly and indirectly via diet and screen time. Research examining potential causal mechanisms underlying these effects is needed to elucidate novel, accessible depression treatment targets.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".