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Record W4416978378 · doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ae1f12

ATLAS Photometry of Interstellar Object 3I/ATLAS

2025· article· en· W4416978378 on OpenAlexfundno aff
J. Tonry, L. Denneau, M. R. Alarcón, A. Clocchiatti, Nicolas Erasmus, A. Fitzsimmons, J. Licandro, K. J. Meech, Robert J. Siverd, H. Weiland

Bibliographic record

VenueThe Astrophysical Journal Letters · 2025
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldPhysics and Astronomy
TopicAstro and Planetary Science
Canadian institutionsnot available
FundersMinisterio de Ciencia e InnovaciónEuropean CommissionQueen's UniversityAgencia Nacional de Investigación y DesarrolloNational Aeronautics and Space AdministrationQueen's University BelfastNuclear Safety and Security CommissionSpace Telescope Science Institute
KeywordsPhotometry (optics)AsteroidLight curveAbsolute magnitudeCometEphemerisGeometric albedo

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Abstract We present calibrated Asteroid Terrestrial-impact Last Alert System (ATLAS) photometry of the interstellar comet 3I/ATLAS (C/2025 N1) from March 28 through 2025 August 29, obtained with the five-site, robotic ATLAS network in the c (420–650 nm), o (560–820 nm), and Teide w (420–720 nm) bands. Stacked difference images yield reliable light curves measured in four fixed apertures that capture the evolving coma. We observe 3I/ATLAS transitioning in color from red ( c − o ) ≈ 0.7 before MJD 60860 to near-solar ( c − o ) ≈ 0.3 after MJD 60870, coincident with the appearance of a prominent antisolar tail. The absolute magnitude curve H ( t ) shows a slope break near MJD 60890 at r ∼ 3.3 au from −0.035 to −0.012 mag day −1 , or in terms of coma cross section as a function of heliocentric distance, r −3.9 to r −1.1 . We release the aperture photometry with geometry and uncertainties to enable cross-instrument synthesis of 3I/ATLAS activity and color evolution.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Bench or experimental · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.721
Threshold uncertainty score0.424

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0010.000
Research integrity0.0000.001
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.005
GPT teacher head0.216
Teacher spread0.211 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designBench or experimental
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations9
Published2025
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes

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