Electrochromic materials based on surface-confined terpyridine assemblies prepared via click chemistry
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this work, we propose a methodology to create electrochromic materials (ECMs) using an on-surface click chemistry approach. We demonstrate that the click reaction between azide-terminated on-surface siloxane template ((4-azidophenyl)- or (4-(azidomethyl)phenyl)- siloxane layers) and the electrochromic (EC) molecular unit bearing accessible triple bonds, (bis-4'-(4-ethynyl-phenyl)-2,2':6′,2″-terpyridine) iron (II) complex), allows for an effective covalent embedding of well-defined molecular EC units into the porous conductive indium tin oxide (ITO) support. We show that minor structural modifications of the molecular moieties of the templating layer result in notable changes in the packing densities of the molecules on the surface of the support and significantly affect the performance and stability of the resulting EC materials. In more detail, the presence of only one additional CH 2 unit in the templating layer results in higher packing density on the surface. Resulting EC devices demonstrate rapid switching times on par with ED devices that utilize similar terpyridine-based EC moieties attached to the templating layer via N-alkylation and overall better long-term cycling durability. The click approach enables the construction of diverse EC molecular architectures, facilitating precise structural design and property tuning. We believe that the presented methodology holds significant promise for developing a broad range of novel EC materials.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".