Effect of Commercial and Artisanal Hormone-Treated Feed on the Sex Reversal of Tilapia (<i>Oreochromis niloticus</i>) in the Soconusco Region, Chiapas
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study evaluated the effect of commercial and artisanal feed treated with the hormone 17-alpha-methyltestosterone on the sex reversal of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in the Soconusco region of Chiapas, Mexico. A completely randomized experimental design was implemented with three treatments: hormone-treated artisanal feed (T1), hormone-treated commercial feed (T2), and a control group of mixed organisms without hormone treatment (T3), each with three replicates. The fry was fed for 28 days under controlled conditions, and the percentage of males was subsequently determined by direct gonadal analysis. The results showed masculinization rates of 93% in T1, 78% in T2, and 67% in T3. Statistical analysis using the chi-square test revealed significant differences between treatments (χ² = 12.47; p < 0.05), confirming the greater efficacy of the artisanal feed, possibly associated with better hormone fixation and stability during natural evaporation and refrigerated storage. The results demonstrate that artisanal feed containing 17-alpha-methyltestosterone at 60 mg/kg is a technically viable and low-cost alternative for producing monosex tilapia populations, highlighting the need to standardize preparation processes to optimize reproductive efficiency and environmental safety in tropical aquaculture systems. It is adoption can strengthen the productive efficiency and profitability of aquaculture systems, offering an accessible option for producers in the Soconusco region.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".