Grey-box models of chiller evaporator for practical integration in building automation systems
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper presents the development and validation of grey-box models for estimating the chilled water temperature difference ΔTchw across the chiller evaporator, with potential applications as virtual sensors in building automation systems (BAS) or integration into other mathematical models. The models are established for two scenarios, variable and constant chilled water flow rates under quasi-steady-state operation. These models require a small number of input variables and are characterized by strong adaptability. Three case studies of different chillers are used to validate the proposed virtual sensors with both static and dynamic windows methods, and help in the generalization of the proposed method. The models demonstrate high accuracy and robustness, achieving a root-mean-squared error of 0.19 °C in one case study. This study addresses the gap in the availability of simple yet reliable models that can be practically integrated into building automation systems for virtual sensing, virtual calibration, fault detection and diagnosis, and HVAC system control and optimization.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it