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Record W4417183895 · doi:10.1111/tct.70295

Assessing the Quality of Narrative Feedback in Entrustable Professional Activities Using the EFeCT Feedback Scoring Tool

2025· article· en· W4417183895 on OpenAlexaffabout
Rebecca Lee, Neil Dhami, William Gibson, Deena M. Hamza, Anna Oswald, Mandy Moffat

Bibliographic record

VenueThe Clinical Teacher · 2025
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldMedicine
TopicInnovations in Medical Education
Canadian institutionsUniversity of Alberta HospitalAlberta Hospital Edmonton
Fundersnot available
KeywordsNarrativeWorkloadQuality (philosophy)Narrative reviewMEDLINE

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

BACKGROUND: Competency-based medical education (CBME) is the cornerstone of undergraduate training in Canada. Entrustable professional activities (EPAs) assess competency in professional tasks, with narrative feedback being a key component. There is currently a lack of published literature on the quality of narrative feedback in EPA observations in undergraduate medical education. This study explores the quality of narrative feedback in EPA observations provided to medical students. METHODS: The quality of narrative feedback in a random sample of anonymised EPA observations from Year 3 students was evaluated using the Evaluation of Feedback Captured Tool (EFeCT). The EFeCT tool explores five facets of quality feedback, with a score of five indicating high-quality feedback. Three evaluators independently assessed the quality of narrative feedback using the EFeCT tool. Any differences in score were resolved through discussion to reach consensus. RESULTS: In the 2022-2023 academic year, 15,240 EPA observations were completed for year 3 students. A subset of 748 observations was analysed. Of these, one scored 0, seven scored 1, 33 scored 2, 115 scored 3, 151 scored 4 and 441 scored 5 on the EFeCT tool. The mean EFeCT score was 4.3. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, the majority of EPA narratives provided moderate to high-quality feedback to students. However, variability was evident, and many EPA narratives were missing one or more elements of high-quality feedback. This could result in significant implications for learner development. Addressing contextual factors such as clinical workload and creating faculty development opportunities may support faculty in providing high-quality narrative feedback.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.011
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.009
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesMetaresearch
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: Observational
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.100
Threshold uncertainty score1.000

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0110.009
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.001
Science and technology studies0.0000.001
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.001
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.177
GPT teacher head0.543
Teacher spread0.366 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.

Study designObservational
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations0
Published2025
Admission routes2
Has abstractyes

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