Immunomodulatory properties of dietary polyphenols: a role for combating infections at mucosal surfaces?
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Polyphenols are food components with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, and their health benefits are increasingly recognized in the context of noncommunicable diseases such as type 2 diabetes. However, their role in regulating immunity to infection is not well understood. Here, we highlight the various mechanisms by which polyphenols may enhance mucosal immunity via both adaptive and innate immune responses. Polyphenols may directly interact with host receptors on mucosal epithelial and/or immune cells to regulate production of cytokines and antimicrobial peptides. They can also modify gut microbiota composition, yielding microbial-derived metabolites that play a key role in fine-tuning immune function at mucosal surfaces. We provide examples of how these immunological changes may alter the outcome of pathogen infection and propose that an increased understanding of polyphenol-microbiota-immune interaction will provide a framework for the application of new nutrition-based strategies in the management and prevention of infectious diseases.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".