An experimental study of specimen size and type effects on cyclic behavior of superelastic NiTi
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The remarkable ability of shape memory alloys (SMAs) to dissipate energy during cyclic loading, combined with their outstanding superelasticity, make them a highly suitable material for passive vibration control systems. Both experimental observations and theoretical insights in previous studies showed that the mechanical behavior of SMA could be influenced by the size and type of specimens. Despite its importance, studies dedicated to evaluating the effect of specimen size and type on the cyclic behavior of SMA are scarce. This paper addresses the gap by experimentally evaluating the mechanical behavior of SMA specimens of different sizes and types under various cyclic loading conditions. The specimens include single-strand wires with a 0.5 mm and 1.2 mm diameter, and a 1.2 mm diameter multi-strand rope. The evolution of the hysteresis loop, energy dissipation, residual strain, and effective modulus of these specimens are investigated systematically. The results indicate that as loading frequency gradually increases, the cyclic behavior of different size SMA wires consistently exhibit four distinct patterns. The frequency thresholds that distinguish these patterns decrease as wire diameter increases. The mechanical behavior of a SMA rope appears to be influenced by both the size of the constituent strand and the overall diameter of the rope. It was found that while the behavior of a rope closely resembles that of a single-strand wire of the same component size in the low frequency range, as loading frequency increases, it quickly transitions to a behavior more similar to that of a single-strand wire having the same diameter as the rope.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".