Understanding Counter-Movement Success: Anti-Abortion Policy Influence in Four Canadian Provinces
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Existing research raises crucial questions concerning anti-abortion success in Canada. What circumstances appear most conducive to anti-choice influence? Which social science theories permit analysts to develop explanations, generalizations, and predictions concerning counter-movement impact? This article, among the first to compare anti-feminist effectiveness at the provincial level, focuses on four jurisdictions where campaigns to restrict women’s access to reproductive services combined standard pressure group strategies with violent attacks on providers and facilities. It probes the extent to which protest success depended on the presence of a traditionalist climate of opinion, the institutional connections of movement leaders or a synthetic combination of these factors. The study finds congenial attitudinal and leadership circumstances appeared to reinforce each other, a pattern discernible in Manitoba since the 1980s. Conversely, the disadvantages associated with a hostile climate of opinion and politically marginal protest leaders were evident in British Columbia during this period. The conclusion considers the implications of these results and proposes directions for further research.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.005 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.011 | 0.004 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".