Spatial Analysis of HPV Cancer Mortality in Persistent Poverty Counties in the US (1999-2020)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection in the United States, with nearly 90% of men and 80% of women contracting an HPV strain at some point in their lives.Of these infections, approximately 50% involve high-risk, cancer-causing strains (Vickers et al., 2019).While many HPV infections are low-risk and resolve on their own, certain high-risk strains are linked to cancer development.Data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) for 2017-2021 reports over 47,100 new cases of HPV-related cancer annually (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2024).Globally, HPV accounts for 5% of all cancers (National Cancer Institute, 2023).Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer in women globally and caused an estimated 342,000 deaths in 2020 (World Health Organization, 2024).Cervical cancer is the most common HPV-associated cancer among women, and oropharyngeal cancers (cancers of the back of the throat, including the base of the tongue and tonsils) are the most common among men in the US (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2024).
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".