Search for nucleon decay via <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:mi>p</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false">→</mml:mo> <mml:mi>ν</mml:mi> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>π</mml:mi> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> </mml:msup> </mml:math> and <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:mi>n</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false">→</mml:mo> <mml:mi>ν</mml:mi> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>π</mml:mi> <mml:mn>0</mml:mn> </mml:msup> </mml:math> in 0.484 Mton-year of Super-Kamiokande data
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We present the results of searches for nucleon decays via <a:math xmlns:a="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <a:mi>p</a:mi> <a:mo stretchy="false">→</a:mo> <a:mi>ν</a:mi> <a:msup> <a:mi>π</a:mi> <a:mo>+</a:mo> </a:msup> </a:math> and <d:math xmlns:d="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <d:mi>n</d:mi> <d:mo stretchy="false">→</d:mo> <d:mi>ν</d:mi> <d:msup> <d:mi>π</d:mi> <d:mn>0</d:mn> </d:msup> </d:math> using a <g:math xmlns:g="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <g:mrow> <g:mn>0.484</g:mn> <g:mtext> </g:mtext> <g:mtext> </g:mtext> <g:mi>Mt</g:mi> <g:mo>·</g:mo> <g:mi>yr</g:mi> </g:mrow> </g:math> exposure of Super-Kamiokande I-V data covering the entire pure water phase of the experiment. Various improvements on the previous 2014 nucleon decay search [], which used an exposure of <i:math xmlns:i="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <i:mrow> <i:mn>0.173</i:mn> <i:mtext> </i:mtext> <i:mtext> </i:mtext> <i:mi>Mt</i:mi> <i:mo>·</i:mo> <i:mi>yr</i:mi> </i:mrow> </i:math> , are incorporated. The physics models related to pion production and nuclear interaction are refined with external data, and a more comprehensive set of systematic uncertainties, now including those associated with the atmospheric neutrino flux and pion production channels, is considered. Also, the fiducial volume has been expanded by 21%. No significant indication of a nucleon decay signal is found beyond the expected background. Lower bounds on the nucleon partial lifetimes are determined to be <k:math xmlns:k="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <k:mn>3.5</k:mn> <k:mo>×</k:mo> <k:msup> <k:mn>10</k:mn> <k:mn>32</k:mn> </k:msup> <k:mtext> </k:mtext> <k:mtext> </k:mtext> <k:mi>yr</k:mi> </k:math> for <m:math xmlns:m="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <m:mi>p</m:mi> <m:mo stretchy="false">→</m:mo> <m:mi>ν</m:mi> <m:msup> <m:mi>π</m:mi> <m:mo>+</m:mo> </m:msup> </m:math> and <p:math xmlns:p="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <p:mn>1.4</p:mn> <p:mo>×</p:mo> <p:msup> <p:mn>10</p:mn> <p:mn>33</p:mn> </p:msup> <p:mtext> </p:mtext> <p:mtext> </p:mtext> <p:mi>yr</p:mi> </p:math> for <r:math xmlns:r="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <r:mi>n</r:mi> <r:mo stretchy="false">→</r:mo> <r:mi>ν</r:mi> <r:msup> <r:mi>π</r:mi> <r:mn>0</r:mn> </r:msup> </r:math> at 90% confidence level.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.005 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.004 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.007 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.004 | 0.004 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.007 | 0.007 |
| Research integrity | 0.004 | 0.006 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.009 | 0.005 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".