Numerical study of effects of soil pipes on the constant-head well permeameter test
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Guelph Permeameter (GP) method is a widely used in-situ test for estimating field-saturated hydraulic conductivity (Kfs). However, its applicability to forested hillslopes, where large macropores such as soil pipes are often present, remains insufficiently examined. This study investigated the effects of pipes on GP measurements using three-dimensional infiltration simulations. Two pipe representations were assessed, namely, a seepage face boundary and a highly permeable porous medium. Simulation results indicated that pipes contribute to a significant increase in the infiltration rates only when they are directly connected to a well. Sensitivity to pipes was found to be influenced by the size of saturated bulbs (SBs), which differs according to soil texture. When pipes are located at a distance of more than 2.0 cm from a well, the increase in infiltration remains within 6%, regardless of soil texture. These findings indicate that GP measurements primarily reflect the properties of the soil matrix, rather than structures such as pipes and macropores.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".