Effects of five-minutes music intervention on college students’ memory
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the impact of five-minutes of music on types of memory in college students. Sixty-nine students successfully completed the study, they were randomly assigned to either a control group or an intervention group. This study was two days long, and the intervention (listening to five minutes of Oriental Jazz music) was applied in the second day. We assessed short-term visual memory (immediate recall and five-minute delayed recall) with Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Test, short-term verbal-auditory memory (immediate recall and ten-minute delayed recall) with Rey Audio-Verbal Learning test, Working memory with forward and backward Digit Span test, and false memory with Deese-Roediger-McDermott test. Results showed that the intervention did not cause any significant effect on the recall of verbal information, on working memory performance, or on the incidence of false memories. However, music had a positive impact on visual memory. This study suggests the possible positive impact of music if used in educational settings aligned with visual teaching methods.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".