Reading, Intertextuality, and Literary Friendship in the Poetry of Elizabeth Brewster
Bibliographic record
Abstract
References to reading, authors, and literary texts feature prominently in the extensive oeuvre of Canadian writer and professor Elizabeth Brewster (1922–2012), who published poetry, fiction, memoir, and literary criticism over the course of her long career. Brewster is most often remembered for her connections to Canadian literary modernism and East Coast literature. This article contributes to a more thorough understanding of Brewster’s work beyond regional and periodization frameworks. Detailing the rich intertextuality of her writing, the article analyses her poetic representations of her literary peers, her evocations of writers from across the centuries, and her citational and intertextual devices. With examples including Margaret Atwood, Bliss Carman, Samuel Coleridge, H.D., Alden Nowlan, P.K. Page, Ezra Pound, and more, this article demonstrates that Brewster incorporates these writers and their words into her poetry through strategies that blend the intertextual, biographical, and autobiographical. Ultimately, Brewster’s devotion to reading and her creative practice conjure transhistorical textual communities.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.014 | 0.024 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.005 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".