Securing Lifelong Retirement Income: Global Annuity Markets and Policy
Bibliographic record
Abstract
1. Turning Wealth into Lifetime Income: The Challenge Ahead ANNUITY MARKETS AROUND THE WORLD 2. The Swedish Annuity Market: Where It Is and Where It's Headed 3. Market Structure and Challenges for Annuities in India 4. Annuities and Their Derivatives: The Recent Canadian Experience 5. The United States Longevity Insurance Market 6. Too Much Risk to Insure? The Australian (non-)Market for Annuities 7. Pension Payouts in Chile: Past, Present, and Future Prospects 8. The Private Life Annuity Market in Germany: Products and Money's Worth Ratios 9. Annuity Markets in Japan 10. Compulsory and Voluntary Annuity Markets in the United Kingdom 11. Payouts in Switzerland: Explaining Developments in Annuitization
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".