One of These Families is Not Like the Others: The Legal Response to Non-Normative Queer Parenting in Canada
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A growing number of lesbians and gay men are choosing to become parents. In response, provincial parentage laws have become increasingly inclusive of same-sex parents, though the presumption underlying most of the reforms is that queer parenting will adhere to a nuclear family model. The effect of this preferencefor the nuclear family is that queer parents who engage in non-normative arrangements continue to find themselves outside the law. Perhaps most vulnerable are gay men, particularly in situations where they co-parent with a lesbian couple. This article uses the recent decisions of the Alberta Court of Queen’s Bench and Court of Appeal in D.W.H. v. D.J.R. to illustrate the challenges facing nonnormative queer families and gay male parents in particular. It argues that even in provinces with recentparentage law reforms, deviation from the nuclear family norm poses serious risks for queer parents.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.010 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.040 | 0.009 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.005 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.004 | 0.007 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".