Bibliographic record
Abstract
There are more than 190 countries in the world systems today. They come in all dispositions, shapes and sizes. The often question whish are opened today are: How important is international trade to the nations of the world? Whish countries trade with whish other countries? What goods do countries trade. This is one small segment of complex organization and systems structure of International economics. Summarized the trade patterns described in this section, we have shown that industrialized countries account for the bulk of word exports and word imports. In particular, the largest amount of trade occurs between industrialized countries. In terms of national trading patterns, countries tend to trade extensively with their neighbors. Nowhere is this more apparent than in EU, where two-thirds of EU member’s exports go to other EU countries, and North America, where Canada, the USA and particularity Mexico are major markets for each other’s goods. Key words: trading pattern, trade, International economics relations, globalization, liberalization
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.022 | 0.023 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.005 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.006 | 0.006 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.031 | 0.021 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.010 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.005 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.017 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".