"We Have Asked for Bread, and You Gave us a Stone" Western Farmers and the Siege of Ottawa
Bibliographic record
Abstract
George F. Chipman, The Siege of Ottawa (Winnipeg: Grain Growers' Guide, 1911),6. 1 status of the West in Confederation was the initial bias that set the train of development of prairie politics towards increasing differentiation from the Canadian standard."The West's struggle against political and economic subordination, he argues, was expressed by the desire for "a new political utopia."The resistance process in the West, as it relates to agriculture, sprang from the rapid development of the region's agricultural economy after 1900.Agricultural historian Ian MacPherson contends that social movements on the prairies resulted, in large part, from high freight rates, excessive bank charges, railway discrimination, indifference in Ottawa, unfavourable tariffs, and the manipulation of natural resources.'Farmers complained that markets were rigged against them and they tended to blame officials for siding with eastern- dominated institutions.parliamentarians in the House of Commons.Consequently, little is known about this important event.The two most comprehensive works detailing the "Siege" and its related events were written in 1911, when the "Siege" continued to be a much- discussed topic of debate.George F. Chipman's edited volume, The Siege of Ottawa, published by the Grain Growers' Guide, provides the most detailed account of the events and issues associated with the "Siege."At the time of the "Siege," Chipman was the editor of the Guide.Under his direction, the Siege publication contained a number of documents that were central to the event.These materials included the major speeches presented at the Grand Opera House meeting, as well as the entire "Farmers' Platform," which was a complete set of memorials presented by the CCA executive to federal officials at the meeting in the Commons.The volume was distributed to all interested farmersthroughout the country at a cost of twenty-five cents per copy.The Canadian Annual Review (CAR) 1910-1911, a yearly publication that recounts the country's most important current events, was the second major source to include a description of the "Siege of Ottawa."It includes a detailed and accurate eight-page description of the "Siege" and the major events associated with it.The contributors noted the uniqueness and greatness of the deputation and recognized the immediate importance of the meeting.The information in the CAR provided the historical background for many later academic works.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.045 | 0.014 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.010 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.020 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".