Defective B cell memory and autoantibodies in subjects of cardiac transplantation in infancy (169.27)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Aberrant functions of T cells and B cells may impair B cell memory and are thought to allow development of autoantibodies. Rarely, B cell memory defects and/or autoimmunity can be traced to specific mutations; however, in most cases which properties of T cells and B cells cause deficient B cell responses and/or autoimmunity are unclear. To answer these questions we studied child recipients of cardiac transplantation during infancy who, owing to removal of the thymus and T cell depletion at the time of surgery, have a greatly reduced T cell receptor repertoire diversity. We found these children to have impaired memory IgG antibody responses to polypeptide vaccines compared to controls, even though they appeared to mount IgM responses. These results suggest that the defective T cell compartment in recipients of cardiac transplantation in infancy impairs B cell memory and/or isotype class- switching. Remarkably, despite these defects and despite ongoing treatment with immunosuppressive drugs, 6 of the 9 subjects studied produced anti-ssDNA and rheumatoid factor antibodies as early as of 2 years of age. These findings suggest that the diversity of T cells and/or the availability of recent thymic emigrants are needed to generate B cell memory and prevent autoimmunity.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".