Mitigating Environmental Impacts on the Sea-to-Sky Highway Through Innovative Structural Concepts and Details
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In preparation for the 2010 Winter Olympics, the Sea-to-Sky Highway from Vancouver to Whistler has undergone major improvements with respect to safety, reliability and capacity. MMM Group has worked closely with the design-build team to mitigate environmental impacts through the selection of structural concepts and details that reuse existing structural elements, optimize the use of construction materials and reduce the structural footprint. Examples presented in this paper where these principles were successfully implemented include (a) the retention and reuse of existing bridge substructure elements; (b) the reuse of an existing bridge as a temporary detour crossing; and (c) the innovative combination of cast-in-place concrete and mechanically stabilized earth walls in stacked and tiered arrangements. As a commitment to local residents in Squamish, noise mitigation measures were provided through the urban Squamish corridor. This was achieved in part through the use of open-graded friction course (OGFC) pavement. The coarser gradation and increased air voids of OGFC pavement have noted noise reduction features and improved safety features but require special attention to bridge deck surface drainage and pavement finishing.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".