Bibliographic record
Abstract
This thesis presents a new design for a 0.18mum CMOS analog Operational Amplifier. The most difficult design challenge for a low-voltage operational amplifier is the design of a rail-to-rail input differential amplifier stage with a constant transconductance (gm). The main contribution in this thesis is the novel design methodology of a DC level shifter that enables the synthesis of a 0.18mum CMOS analog operational amplifier with a constant-gm implementation over a common-mode voltage range from 0 to 1.8V. The design of a 0.18mum CMOS low-voltage operational amplifier with constant overall transconductance gm, which allows for a rail-to-rail input swing without degrading the common-mode rejection ratio (CMRR) or causing the slew rate to vary, is developed in this thesis. The DC level shifter circuit design methodology optimizes all the transistors of the DC level shifter to improve the overlapping of p-pair and n-pair tail currents. The 1.8V CMOS operational amplifier has power consumption less than 178muw, a CMRR of 123.6 dB and a slew rate of 4V/mus. A total of 32 transistors were used in the final layout. The purpose of this design is to build the operational amplifier as an Intellectual Property (IP) core suitable for System-on-Chip (SOC) implementation. This IP core can be repeatedly used in future designs and should also be able to easily inserted into any vendor technology or design methodology. Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 41-04, page: 1155. Adviser: W. C. Miller. Thesis (M.A.Sc.)--University of Windsor (Canada), 2002.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.012 | 0.007 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".