Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This article charts the history of the Pierre-Rapid City (PRC) railroad line, a line first developed in 1906 by the Chicago & North Western (C&NW). From the beginning, the 164-mile route was a difficult one: it crossed waterways and their tributaries 78 times. Weather was a hazard, the soil was often damp, the wooden trestles rotted. In 1983 C&NW filed to abandon the PRC, but Senator Larry Pressler of South Dakota fought against it and won, then negotiated a sale of the line. Dakota, Minnesota & Eastern (DM&E) bought it for $26 million, although it too had problems with the soil and rails that would not support the heavier trains. In October of 2008, Canadian Pacific (CP) purchased the line for $1.48 million. The article concludes by noting that plans by CP to pursue an extension on the Powder River Basin will depend on the Obama administration’s focus on tighter regulations of carbon emissions and the impact this may have on the coal market.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it