Chemical Composition Of Whiskies Produced In Brazil Compared To International Products
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Alcoholic strength, volatile acidity, acetaldehyde, methanol, ethyl acetate, higher alcohols (n-propanol, isobutanol, and amyl alcohols), ethyl carbamate, and copper were investigated in 7 brands of blended whiskies produced and bottled in Brazil (BWB) from a wide range of prices, and two brands of blended Scotch whiskies bottled in Brazil (SWB) were investigated for comparison. All brands complied with limits established by Brazilian regulations. The cheapest BWB brand was the most analytically diverse and the only one containing ethyl carbamate above the quantification limit, at 0.09 mg/L. When compared to SWB as well as Scotch, Bourbon, Irish or Canadian whiskies, BWB showed much lower concentrations of methanol, ethyl acetate, n-propanol, and isobutanol. The use of highly rectified ethyl alcohol in the blending process is the most likely explanation for the BWB results.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".