The Internationalisation of Retailing
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The internationalization process in retailing, Gary Akehurst and Nicholas Alexander a conceptual model of strategic considerations for international retail expansion, Eithel M. Simpson and Dayle I. Thorpe towards a taxonomy of international retail alliances, Jayne Bayley, Colin M. Clarke-Hill and Terry M. Robinson the changing process of internationalization in the European Union, Hayley Myers reciprocal retail internationalization - the Southland Corporation, Ito-Yokado and 7-Eleven convenience stores, Leigh Sparks the international activities of Japanese retailers, Yung-Fang Chen and Brenda Sternquist international comparisons of supply chain management in grocery retailing, John Fernie the planning implications of new retail format introductions in Canada and Britain Alan G. Hallsworth, Ken G. Jones and Russell Muncaster retailing in Canada and the United States - historical comparisons, David J. Burns and Dale M. Rayman consumer behaviour convergence in the European Union, Barry J. Davies and Malene Flemmer the internationalization of retailing in the Czech and Slovak republics, Tomas Drtina developing a framework for the study of the internationalization of retailing, Gary Akehurst and Nicholas Alexander.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.009 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.010 | 0.010 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.011 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".