MINIMUM WAGES AND ADOLESCENT ALCOHOL USE: EVIDENCE FROM A NATURAL EXPERIMENT
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Renewed interest in the minimum wage has led many policy makers to consider it as a possible strategy to achieve poverty reduction. Literature on the social determinants of health has intimately linked health with income and so if such a policy reduced poverty it may lead to beneficial health outcomes. We consider the possibility of adverse health outcomes associated with minimum wage hikes. Using a sample of adolescents from Newfoundland and Labrador, we examine the impact of a two-tiered minimum wage law on their frequency of alcohol use and frequency of getting drunk over the period of 1998 to 2001. We exploit this two-tiered wage by using a differences-in-differences econometric approach where formally employed adolescents who would be eligible for the minimum wage are compared to informally employed and unemployed adolescents. As they age, the formally employed group was eligible for the higher minimum wage but the comparison groups were not. Our results demonstrate that being eligible for the minimum wage increased the frequency with which the formal group got drunk but did not increase their frequency of alcohol use as compared to the informal and unemployed groups.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.011 | 0.019 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".