Simulating the Air Quality Impacts of Traffic Calming Schemes in a Dense Urban Neighbourhood
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this study, the effects of isolated traffic calming measures and area-wide calming schemes on air quality in a dense neighborhood in Montreal, Canada are estimated using a combination of microscopic traffic simulation, emission, and dispersion modeling. The results indicate that traffic calming measures do not have as large an effect on nitrogen dioxide (NO2) concentrations as the effect observed on nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions. Changes in emissions can result in highly disproportional changes in pollutant levels due to daily meteorological conditions, road geometry and its orientation with respect to wind direction. The authors observe that average NO2 levels increase between 0.1% and 10% with respect to the base-case while changes in NOx emissions vary between 5% and 160%. Also, the effects of wind speed and direction are investigated in this study. The results show that higher wind speeds decrease NO2 concentrations on both sides of the roadway. As the wind becomes more orthogonal to the roadway, the difference in NO2 levels between the leeward and windward sides increases. Among the traffic calming measures, speed bumps produce the highest increases in NO2 levels.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.025 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".