A method to reduce the influence of reflected waves on shear velocity measurements using B-mode scanning time delay
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A method to reduce the influence of reflected shear wave (SW) on ultrasound measurement of shear velocity of a soft tissue specimen was proposed in this study. A backward SW reflected from tissue boundaries may interfere with a forward SW induced, resulting in shear velocity measurement error. In the B-mode scan of a conventional ultrasound imaging system there is a scanning time delay among the sequential A-mode measurements, which causes an artificial spatial frequency shift in the forward and backward SWs. The amount of the frequency shift is dependent on the propagation direction of the SWs with respect to the B-mode scanning direction. Therefore, the forward and backward SWs can be separated using a spatial frequency filter. The proposed method was verified using a soft tissue mimicking phantom. In the experimental results, the artificial frequency shifts were clearly observed for induced and reflected SW. Shear velocities of the phantoms were successfully measured from the filtered SW by the proposed method.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".