Bibliographic record
Abstract
This article describes the intense local controversy about Ballingdon Bridge, which carries the busy A131 trunk road over the River Stour near Sudbury, Suffolk, England. A 1993 appraisal of the bridge suggested that it had serious defects and that a 3t weight limit should be applied. The foundations including the piles were in bad condition, the transverse beams and slabs were inadequate, and the cantilever footways were suspect. However, even temporary closure of the bridge would cause very severe congestion, as it is the only bridge over the river for miles, and it would cost about #500,000 to divert the public services under the bridge. With the engineers unable to guarantee that a repaired bridge would last for more than five years, it was decided to replace the bridge. Four options for replacement were presented, of which the preferred option was publicly exhibited in September 1999. At first, the response was reasonably good, but it changed to opposition when people realised that local traffic flows would have to be revised completely, with major restrictions on parking and single track working across the bridge for up to two years. A design competition was then held, which was won by a three-span concrete arch design, estimated to cost #2M. Final approval is expected in October 2000.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.008 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.006 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Research integrity | 0.004 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.104 | 0.017 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".