Who's the American Indian on the MU Flag: A Timeline About Native Americans and Marquette University
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In 1869, Wilhelm Lamprecht painted this fanciful scene, "Father Marquette and the Indians", more than a decade before the University's founding in 1881.It depicts Jacques Marquette (1637-1675), S.J., during his epic exploration of the Mississippi River in 1673.Here he is on the lower Wisconsin River near its mouth where it empties into the Mississippi.In so doing, he is seeking guidance from a Native man with his family while two Native voyageurs steady the canoe.Modern scholars have identified the Native voyageurs as Metis, or men of mixed French and Indian ancestry, and Marquette's journals identify meeting villages of Mascoutin or Illinois and Miami Indians in presentday Wisconsin.Marquette University adopted its circular logo in 1907, which is comprised of its name, motto and founding year around the edge and images relating to its namesake in the center.The lower half includes Lamprecht's image of Marquette, the canoe and the voyageur in the bow; and the upper half includes the coat of arms of St. Ignatius of Loyola with symbols from his family."Numen Flumenique" is the University's motto, which means "God and the River".The blue edge and gold lettering derive from the French field flag used during the 17 th century.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.067 | 0.021 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.015 | 0.005 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.006 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.010 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".