Maternalism reconsidered: motherhood, welfare and social policy in the twentieth century
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Chapter 1. Introduction Rebecca Jo Plant and Marian van der Klein Chapter 2. Beyond Maternalism Sonya Michel Chapter 3. The State, the Women's Movement and Maternity Insurance, 1900-1930: A Dutch Maternalism? Marian van der Klein Chapter 4. Mobilising Mothers in the Nation's Service: Civic Culture in France's Familial Welfare State, 1890 - 1914 Lori R. Weintrob Chapter 5. Speaking on Behalf of Others:Dutch Social Workers and The Problem of Maternalist Condescension Berteke Waaldijk Chapter 6. 'Respectable Citizens of Canada': Gender and the Welfare State in the Great Depression Lara Campbell Chapter 7. The Gold Star Mothers Pilgrimages: Patriotic Maternalists and Their Critics in the Interwar U.S. Rebecca Jo Plant Chpaptr 8. Protecting Mothers in Order to Protect Children: Maternalism and the 1935 Pan-American Child Congress Nichole Sanders Chapter 9. Maternal and Child Welfare, State Policy and Women's Philanthropic Activities in Brazil, 1930-45 Maria Lucia Mott Chapter 10. Maternalism in a Paternalist State: The National Organization for the Protection of Motherhood and Infancy in Fascist Italy Elisabetta Vezzosi Chapter 11. Maternalism, Soviet-Style: The Working 'Mothers with Many Children' in Postwar Western Ukraine Yoshie Mitsuyoshi Chapter 12. Infant-Maternity Health and Nutritional Programmes in Argentina: Maternalism without Maternalists? Alma Idiart Chapter 13. Afterword: Maternalism Today Rebecca Jo Plant Select Bibliography Contributors
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.004 | 0.007 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.005 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".