Sustainable construction modelling: a systems engineering approach
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Modelling in the architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) industry is a fundamental step for product and project delivery, and serves multiple purposes from visualization, communication, simulation, analysis, decision making, to performance assessment. For long, the AEC industry has used different types of modelling schemes. Typical examples include 2D and 3D models that capture geometric and spatial information, project schedules that capture sequence and durations, and process models that capture methodologies and work flows. With the advent of sustainable construction, it was realized that modelling in the AEC industry has to capture a new array of information and correlate such information to both the construction product and process. Examples of these information include embodied energy content, emission of pollutants, resource consumption, and noise and acoustics, just to name a few. Modelling for sustainable construction requires representing parameters pertaining to the environment and sustainability as well as different information related to the building geometry and its production method and execution plan. As part of a research undertaken by the authors, this paper proposes a systems-based model where: (1) the environmental system, (2) the building system (the product), and (3) the construction system (the production/management system) are represented as three interacting systems of systems that fundamentally exchange (1) energy, (2) matter, and in some cases (3) information, according to systems theory. While other modelling approaches are based on proceeding individually and sequentially in the process of evaluating environmental impacts caused by different multidisciplinary practices in the AEC industry, this systems-based model shall facilitate simultaneous evaluation of sustainability by the system as a whole. The focus on system flows of energy and materials shall highlight focus areas for impact mitigation and performance optimization as outlined in the paper. The Systems Modelling Language (SysML) is utilized to build the model.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it