Market Power: Transit Locomotive Purchases Hold Steady as Agencies Bulk Up Fleets, Launch New Service
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This article looks at what types of locomotive transit agencies are purchasing. The number of locomotives in service in the commuter-rail market has risen in recent years, with more than 700 active locomotives in 2007. Some of the reasons cited for purchasing new locomotives include improved reliability, increased train speed, and expanded service. The article discusses fleet acquisition plans for the MTA Metro-North Railroad, Ontario’s GO Transit, the Southern California Regional Rail Authority, Metropolitan Council of Minnesota, and the Utah Transit Authority. The article also notes that some agencies, such as the Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority, plan to purchase hybrid locomotives. These locomotives are advantageous in that they can help reduce NOx and particulate matter emissions, and their use can also lead to a 35-50 percent reduction in fuel usage.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it