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Record W645240035

Cities, Urban Form and Sprawl: A European Perspective

2007· article· en· W645240035 on OpenAlexaboutno aff
D Banister

Bibliographic record

VenueOxford University Research Archive (ORA) (University of Oxford) · 2007
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldSocial Sciences
TopicUrbanization and City Planning
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsUrban sprawlAttractivenessRecreationEnvironmental planningEuropean unionEnvironmental qualityVitalityBusinessUrban planningUnit (ring theory)Sustainable developmentQuality (philosophy)SustainabilityHuman settlementGeographyEnvironmental economicsNatural resource economicsEconomicsPolitical scienceCivil engineeringEngineeringEconomic policy
DOInot available

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

This paper describes how the European Union (EU) vision is based on maintaining the quality of urban life, urban planning and sustainable development where mixed uses, high densities and good environmental conditions are seen a being central in improving both economic performance and the vitality of cities. More compact settlements are seen to provide environmental and social benefits, in that they provide better access and encourage the use of healthy modes. There is less land consumption and closer levels of proximity, which in turn leads to less social integration. Provided that quality open space is protected, there are also possibilities for local recreation. When all these factors are combined with sympathetic neighborhood design, high-quality and inclusive city environments can be produced. However, that quality can be reduced through less space per home and a higher unit cost of housing. Environmental quality may also be reduced through higher levels of congestion and pollution, again reducing the attractiveness of these locations.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame machine prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.002
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.001
Version: metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061cValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Not applicable · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: none
Teacher disagreement score0.025
Threshold uncertainty score0.049

Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0020.001
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0010.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0010.001
Bibliometrics0.0040.009
Science and technology studies0.0020.007
Scholarly communication0.0080.008
Open science0.0000.003
Research integrity0.0030.002
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0040.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.034
GPT teacher head0.279
Teacher spread0.245 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designNot applicable
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations8
Published2007
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes

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Same venueOxford University Research Archive (ORA) (University of Oxford)Same topicUrbanization and City PlanningFrench-language works237,207