Bibliographic record
Abstract
Introduction Consider the two contrasting perspectives of the normal functioning of an advanced capitalist economy. The mainstream or neoclassical paradigm derives from a belief that the private sector of a capitalist economy is basically self-regulating in some undefined long run; our view is that capitalism is subject to economic and political conflict and to structural change that leads to periodic episodes of poor performance. Throughout the book we shall emphasize two connections: one between the mainstream conception of capitalism as a self-regulating system and its formalization in neoclassical equilibrium analysis and the other between the view of capitalism as a non-self-regulating system and the evolutionary-Keynesian framework developed in these pages. Which of these two analytical frameworks is better suited for modelling historical processes, in particular the unemployment record, can be determined only by a study of the historical record. In neoclassical equilibrium analysis, long-run outcomes are modelled as interactions between endogenous variables constrained by a set of exogenous variables, usually tastes and technologies. The set of exogenous elements is customarily referred to as the ‘supply side’ or the ‘structural framework’ of the model. When neoclassical equilibrium analysis is used as a descriptive device for modelling capitalism's alleged self-regulating properties, it is assumed that there is a unique long-run equilibrium which depends only upon the values of the exogenous supply-side variables. Because of its properties, the equilibrium functions as an ‘attractor’, ensuring that in the absence of shocks a system in equilibrium will remain there.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".