Human papillomavirus and cervical cancer: burden of illness and basis for prevention.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Genital infection with human papillomaviruses (HPV) is one of the most common sexually transmitted conditions. The central causal role in cervical carcinogenesis of the so-called high oncogenic-risk (HR)-HPV genotypes, such as HPV-16, has been established as a likely but not sufficient cause of virtually all cases of cervical cancer worldwide. HR-HPV infection also causes a substantial proportion of other anogenital neoplasms and oral squamous cell carcinomas. Infection with low-oncogenic-risk HPV, such as HPV-6 and -11, causes a large proportion of low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions of the cervix and benign lesions of the anogenital areas known as condylomata acuminata (genital warts). Subclinical and clinical HPV infections are responsible for high morbidity and impose a great burden on the healthcare system. Organized or opportunistic screening with Papanicolaou (Pap) cytology in high-income countries has substantially reduced cervical cancer morbidity and mortality during the last 50 years. However, Pap cytology screening has failed to reduce cervical cancer mortality in many middle-income countries, and most low-income countries cannot make the necessary public health investments to deploy organized screening. The availability of 2 prophylactic HPV vaccines represents the best hope for preventing most cases of cervical cancer and HPV-associated diseases.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".