Pavement preservation through the use of long-life concrete pavements while also lowering carbon footprint: Quebec case study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Contempra, also known as GUL, is manufactured in Canada by intergrinding regular cement clinker with up to 15% limestone. From an environmental point of view, successful implementation of Contempra cement across Canada would decrease CO2 emissions by 10% while still producing concrete with the same level of strength and durability as concrete produced with regular Portland cement (GU). The objective of the research presented in this paper was to assess the performance of concrete pavement made with Contempra cement in comparison with typical GU cement. This project, Highway 40 in Quebec near L'Assomption, was constructed on September 2011. 338 cubic metres of concrete made with Contempra were placed and assessed. It was noticed that the workability of the concrete was improved using Contempra due to its thixotropic behaviour. For given slump and air content values, concrete made with Contempra cement tended to show a better consolidation throughout the slipform paver than concrete made with GU cement. Compared to laboratory testing, that showed faster set times and strength development for concrete made with Contempra cement, no significant changes were observed in terms of early age strength development. Saw cuts were made in a similar time frame and one day compressive strength was in the range of the actual standard deviation. Finally, additional testing that could significantly affect long?term durability of concrete pavement, such as freezing and thawing, salt scaling resistance, air?void spacing factor, as well as chloride permeability were performed on both reference GU and Contempra concrete mixes. Test results for both concretes showed very similar behaviours. For the covering abstract of this conference see ITRD record number 201211RT334E.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".