Analysis of Regional Climate Model Simulations of Transport-Related Climate Indices over Southern Quebec
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This article reports on a study that evaluated the capacity of the Canadian Regional Climate Model (CRCM ) to simulate winter climate indicators relevant to transportation infrastructure and road conditions in the southern Quebec (Canada) region. The authors investigated winter thaw events, the daily freeze or thaw cycle, the start date of the winter freeze period, snowfall events, and the cumulative sum of freezing degree days for each winter. The authors found that, compared to 1971-2000 period simulations, climate simulations by 2050 indicated a generally warmer and wetter winter climate. The number of snowfall events was projected to decrease but with an increase in winter rainfall events and winter thaw events that will likely increase stress on transportation infrastructure. One detailed figure presents a colorful analysis of the observed and simulated mean winter climate variables over the study area for 1971-2000, as well as the change in simulated mean winter climate variables over the study area between that period and 2040-2070.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".