The novel adipokine chemerin significantly increases cholesterol uptake in human macrophages
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is the most common pathology underlying cardiovascular disease. One of the early events in atherosclerotic plaque formation is the excessive accumulation of cholesterol by macrophages leading to the development of macrophage foam cells. The novel adipokine chemerin is an endogenous ligand for CMKLR1, a G‐protein‐coupled receptor that is highly expressed on macrophage cells. Therefore, we hypothesized that chemerin may have an important role in the pathology of atherosclerosis through the modulation of macrophage function. Cholesterol uptake and efflux experiments show a significant increase in total cholesterol in human monocyte derived macrophages (MDM) treated with chemerin. Conversely chemerin treatment had no effect on cholesterol efflux in human MDM. Interestingly, the PPAR gamma ligand rosiglitazone, caused an increase in cholesterol efflux from human MDM with a corresponding decrease in the expression of CMKLR1. These data suggest that chemerin may play a role in macrophage cholesterol uptake and foam cell formation. Supported by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research and the National Institutes of Health
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".