Late Jurassic – Early Cretaceous continental extension in northeast Asia – Relationships to plate kinematics
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Northeast Asia is the greatest area in the world where continental extension is documented, from Transbaikalia to the Pacific coast. The major extensional events occurred during Late Jurassic - Early Cretaceous times and are marked by rift basins filled with continental sediments and volcanic rocks, metamorphic core complexes, and extensive magmatism. Here, we review the different types of extensional structures in the region using our own examples from eastern Mongolia, including new data from the Gobi area, and those previously documented in the adjacent regions. We further provide a compilation of available ages, including new data from Transbaikalia, to constrain crustal stretching throughout northeastern Asia. Our analysis shows that extension is not correlated to orogenic collapse, but is coeval with two major changes in plate kinematics that occurred at ca. 140 Ma: the closure of the Mongol-Okhotsk Ocean and a major change in the subduction direction of the Izanagi oceanic plate towards northeast Asia, from high-angle to low-angle convergence. These major changes in plate kinematics combined with an abnormally hot pre-extension state of the continental lithosphere might have triggered spreading in northeast Asia.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".