Evaluation of Cumulative Environmental Effects on the Endangered Southern Resident Killer Whales
Bibliographic record
Abstract
With only 74 members left, the Southern Resident Killer Whales (SRKW) of the Salish Sea, are endangered under the Canadian Species at Risk Act (DFO, 2018) and the United States Endangered Species Act (US EPA, 2017). The Trans Mountain Expansion Project became a nationwide topic when the Project approval was overturned by the Federal Court of Appeal in August 2018, who cited lack of review of the predicted noise increase and its subsequent effects on the SRKW. This research study identifies the threats affecting the SRKW, assesses marine vessels that impose a cumulative noise effect, and suggests mitigation methods to manage traffic and minimize adverse effects on the SRKW. By corresponding with industry professionals, reviewing published literature and analysing case studies, it was concluded that no matter how small an increase of marine traffic in the SRKW critical habitat, it is significant considering the vulnerable state of the SRKW population.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.007 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".