Developmental profile of visual cortex astrocytes
Bibliographic record
Abstract
By sensing neuronal signalling, astrocytes release gliotransmitters triggered by intracellular calcium (Ca2 ) transients. This is involved in the regulation of synaptic plasticity. To improve our understanding of layer-5 (L5) neocortical astrocytes in mouse visual cortex, we investigate their developmental profile between postnatal days (P) 9 - 22. Using 2-photon microscopy in acute slices, astrocytes were targeted for patching with Sulforhodamine 101. L5 astrocyte Vm was -82 ± 0.4 mV and Rinput was 34 ± 2 MΩ (n = 127). Over the ages P9-22, Vm increased (Pearson's r = 0.271, p < 0.01) and Rinput decreased (r = -0.189, p < 0.05). Within L5, astrocytes exhibited diverse electrophysiological responses due to voltage steps. Hierarchical clustering indicated two or possibly more response classes, with one class showing a steady, time-invariant conductance and the others a slowly activating component. This slowly activating conductance vanished with age (Spearman's rho = -0.44, p < 0.05, n = 22). We next investigated the development of spontaneous Ca2 transients, visualized with Fluo-5F (200 µM) or AAV-GCaMP6f. We found that Ca2 transients in different compartments of an astrocyte decorrelated with age (r = -0.57, p < 0.01, n = 20), which might be explained by development and maturation of processes. Gap-junction coupling and morphological reconstructions over development were also investigated using Alexa 488 loading. This study provides a foundation for our future work to understand how astrocytes in visual cortex L5 regulate neocortical plasticity at excitatory synapses.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".