Bibliographic record
Abstract
4. Licea belmontiana Nann. -Bremek., Proc. Kon. Ned. Akad. Wetensch., C. 69(3): 337 (1966). Figs. 4A–J Sporophores sporocarpic, dispersed or grouped, sessile. Sporocarps subglobose, angular, 0.05–0.2 mm diam., dark brown. Peridium apparently single, brown by TL with preformed dehiscence lines; dehiscence into polygonal plates that remain vertical like petals with smooth edges without outgrowths but minutely crenulate. Spores dark brown in mass, light brown with a slightly paler area by TL, subglose, 10–14 µm diam., apparently smooth. By SEM the peridium is double the inner surface of the peridium is ornamented with dense tiny warts (granular) that continue to the platelet margins, the margin is crenulated; the epispore is verrucate with irregularly sparsely spaced warts and some areas with no warts. Material examined: Holotypus. NETHERLANDS. Wageningen, Belmonte Botanic Gardens, on bark from an Acer sp. stump in moist chamber culture, 2-4-1965. NENB-5879 (BR-MYC 5020057898868)!. Habitat: on bark, trunks and stumps of angiosperms and gymnosperms. Distribution: Norway, Sweden, Russian Federation, Ukraine, Ireland, Netherlands, France, Switzerland, Germany, Italy, Spain, Greece, Malta, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, China, India, USA, Canada, Mexico, Guatemala, Paraguay, Argentina, Chile. Icon.: Nannenga-Bremekamp (1966: 337, Figs. 1 A – C; 1975: 64; 1991: 43), Neubert et al. (1993: 282, Pl. V: 1), Novozhilov et al. (1999: 84, Figs. 3 A – D), Yamamoto (2002b: 4, Figs. 2 A – C; 2006: 13, Figs. 4 A – C; 2021: 139, Figs. A – C), Novozhilov & Schnittler (2008: 108, Figs. 26–27), Schnittler et al. (2013: 101, Figs. 31–34 (as L. cf. belmontiana), Bortnikov et al. (2022: 25, Figs. 3a–k). Notes. This species was described as having smooth spores on the basis of light microscope examination available to its author at that time. However, our examination of the holotype by SEM has shown that the spores are not entirely smooth, since the epispore has some widely-spaced warts of different size (Fig. 4 I). In the original description the species is characterized as having a single peridium with included granular matter, but our SEM micrographs show (Fig. 4 H arrow), that the granular matter forms a complete layer, so the peridium is double. This fact was pointed out also by Novozhilov et al. (1999) for collections they ascribed to this species. The spore size in the original description was given as about 13 µm in diameter, but the author herself specified the wider range in her later expanded monographs (Nannenga-Bremekamp 1975, 1991, 2022). According to GBIF, there is a collection marked as isotypus in UPS BOT F 646101.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.029 | 0.013 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".